Washington invoked export controls to force the shutdown of Anthropic’s most powerful models over a disputed jailbreak, just three days after launch. Anthropic is pushing back hard.

The US government issued an export control directive on 12 June ordering Anthropic to suspend access to Fable 5 and Mythos 5, citing national security concerns over a reported jailbreak. Anthropic complied but pushed back publicly, calling the action disproportionate and warning it would halt all frontier model deployments if applied industry-wide. The unprecedented recall came just three days after Fable 5 launched.

The US government has ordered Anthropic to suspend access to its two most capable AI models, Fable 5 and Mythos 5, in what appears to be the first time Washington has forced a commercial AI product offline. The directive , which Anthropic says it received at 5:21pm ET on 12 June, cites national security authorities and demands the company cut off all foreign nationals, including its own employees.

Because Anthropic cannot reliably distinguish foreign nationals from domestic users in real time, the practical result is a hard shutoff of both models for every customer worldwide. Access to all of Anthropic’s other models remains unaffected.

Anthropic launched Fable 5 on 9 June as its first “Mythos-class” model available to the general public. Fable 5 is the public-facing version, with safety classifiers that route flagged requests to the weaker Claude Opus 4.8, while Mythos 5, the same underlying model with cyber safeguards lifted, was restricted to vetted cybersecurity defenders and critical infrastructure operators.

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Both models were already in the crosshairs of the Trump administration , which had previously moved to block Anthropic’s broader Mythos rollout. The company had offered Fable 5 free to Pro, Max, Team, and Enterprise subscribers through 22 June.

The Commerce Department reportedly acted after an unnamed company claimed it had found a way to jailbreak Mythos, according to Axios . Anthropic says it has only received verbal evidence of a narrow, non-universal jailbreak that essentially involves asking the model to read a specific codebase and fix software flaws.

Anthropic reviewed the technique and says the vulnerabilities it surfaced were minor and already publicly known. It claims other models, including OpenAI’s GPT-5.5 , can discover the same flaws without any bypass at all, though TNW could not independently verify this specific comparison.

The company is drawing a sharp distinction between narrow jailbreaks, which can extract some information in specific circumstances, and universal jailbreaks, which broadly defeat a model’s safeguards. Anthropic says no tester has yet found a universal jailbreak for Fable 5, though the UK AI Safety Institute did develop a partial jailbreak for single-turn vulnerability queries within a few hours of testing.

Thousands of hours of red-teaming, then this

Before launch, Anthropic says it worked with the US government, the UK AISI , and multiple private third-party organisations to red-team Fable’s safeguards for thousands of hours. An external bug bounty reportedly produced no universal jailbreaks in over 1,000 hours of testing.

The company also adopted a controversial 30-day mandatory data retention policy for all Fable and Mythos traffic, overriding existing zero-retention agreements with customers. Anthropic says the retention is necessary to detect patterns of misuse that only become visible across multiple requests.

In an unusually combative public statement, Anthropic said it disagrees that a narrow potential jailbreak should be “cause for recalling a commercial model deployed to hundreds of millions of people.” It warned that applying this standard across the industry would “essentially halt all new model deployments for all frontier model providers.”

The company called for any government power to block unsafe deployments to be grounded in “a statutory process that is transparent, fair, clear, and grounded in technical facts.” It said this action fails that test.

The directive lands against a backdrop of escalating friction between Anthropic and Washington. The Pentagon blacklisted Anthropic as a national security supply chain threat earlier this year, even as the NSA continued using Claude because no alternative existed.

Anthropic sued the government over that designation. The same administration that branded the company a security risk has also urged banks to adopt its technology and authorised the NSA to keep using Mythos on classified networks.

The contradiction highlights the government’s own uncertainty about how to handle a company whose AI capabilities it simultaneously fears and depends on.

If the precedent holds, any frontier AI model could face a similar recall over a single reported jailbreak, regardless of severity. That prospect is likely to send a chill through an industry that has spent the past year racing to deploy increasingly capable models with growing government scrutiny .

Anthropic says it believes the directive is a misunderstanding and is working to restore access as soon as possible. It has promised to share more details within 24 hours.

Alina Maria Stan builds connections that people actually feel. As co-founder and COO of Tekpon, she turns product intuition into real moment (show all) Alina Maria Stan builds connections that people actually feel. As co-founder and COO of Tekpon, she turns product intuition into real moments of discovery, shaping how teams find and adopt SaaS every day. Since 2020, she has led Tekpon’s brand voice, media strategy, and growth plays with a clear focus on human outcomes behind every metric. Before Tekpon, Alina followed curiosity across industries and countries. She was CEO of King Casino Bonus and led affiliate and brand strategy at Extremoo Media and Fable Media in Denmark, where she learned how to build partnerships that last. Early on, she sharpened her CRM and pricing instincts at K.H. ApS, always asking why customers choose what they choose. Her approach is rooted in more than a decade of international experience and two master’s degrees, one in Sustainable Consumption from the Technical University of Munich and one in Consumer Affairs Management from Aarhus University.